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                  <text>Migration of the Serbs (Seoba Srba)</text>
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                  <text>Anno 1690. Il patriarca serbo Arsenije III Čarnojević, circondato da soldati, greggi di pecore e donne con lattanti, guida circa 36,000 famiglie dalla città Peć verso l'attuale Vojvodina, a seguito della rivolta anti-ottomana dei serbi.</text>
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                  <text>Paja Jovanović (1859–1957)</text>
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                  <text>Stati vassalli dell'Impero Ottomano nel 1683</text>
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                  <text>Wikipedia</text>
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                  <text>Banato di Timisoara nel 1718</text>
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                  <text>La città di Timisoara nel 1602, sotto il dominio turco</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_F%C3%B6rster" target="_blank"&gt;Ludwig Förster&lt;/a&gt;, on the basis of Ferenc Wathay sketch.</text>
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                  <text>1836</text>
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              <text>Colonizzazioni e migrazioni nell'Europa balcanica</text>
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              <text>&lt;p align="justify"&gt;Nel 1714 scoppia l'ennesimo conflitto tra la Repubblica di Venezia e l'Impero Ottomano. Nel 1716 l'impero Asburgico entra in guerra al fianco di Venezia e le sue truppe, guidate da &lt;a href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/eugenio-di-savoia/" target="_blank"&gt;Eugenio di Savoia&lt;/a&gt;, travolgono i turchi&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;a &lt;strong&gt;Petrovaradin&lt;/strong&gt; (1716)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;e conquistano &lt;strong&gt;Belgrado&lt;/strong&gt; (1717).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Costretti alla resa, i turchi firmano l&lt;/span&gt;a &lt;a href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/passarowitz/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pace di Passarowitz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;(1718) che assegna all'Austria&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;il Banato di &lt;strong&gt;Timisoara&lt;/strong&gt; e la Serbia settentrionale.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La pace segna un'ulteriore avanzata degli &lt;strong&gt;Asburgo&lt;/strong&gt;, che a fine Seicento hanno strappato ai turchi&amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;prima &lt;strong&gt;Transilvania &lt;/strong&gt;(1691) e &lt;a href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/carlowitz/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ungheria&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;(1699)&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;e successivamente la città di &lt;strong&gt;Pest&lt;/strong&gt; (1699).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;L'avanzata degli Asburgo d'Austria nell'Europa centrale prosegue nella seconda metà del Settecento. Nel&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;1772&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;l'Austria, in occasione della prima spartizione della&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Polonia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;, annette&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;la&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Galizia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;, mentre tra 1768 e 1774&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;occupa la&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Moldavia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;superiore&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nel 1775 l'Austria strappa ai turchi anche la&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bukovina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Gli Asburgo si trovano così a controllare&amp;nbsp;territori amplissimi, nell'area del bacino danubiano, che Vienna ha bisogno di ripopolare con coloni cristiani che operino anche da presidio militare.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Già nel 1690 circa&lt;a href="http://www.colonizzazioninterne.com/items/show/3416" target="_blank"&gt;&amp;nbsp;37,000 famiglie serbo-ortodosse si stanziano come rifugiati nelle terre dell'impero&lt;/a&gt;, ma questi coloni non riescono ad occupare tutta la terra disponibile. Gli Asburgo cercano allora di&amp;nbsp;attrarre anche coloni dell'impero promettendo terra, franchigie fiscali e libertà religiosa.&amp;nbsp; Una prima campagna è promossa da &lt;strong&gt;Carlo VI&lt;/strong&gt;, tra&amp;nbsp;1718 e 1737; è poi la volta di &lt;strong&gt;Maria Teresa&lt;/strong&gt; da&amp;nbsp;1744 al 1772 e infine di &lt;strong&gt;Giuseppe II&lt;/strong&gt; tra&amp;nbsp;1782 e 1787 (&lt;a href="https://www.pbc.rzeszow.pl/dlibra/publication/2209/edition/2073/content?ref=desc"&gt;vedi le patenti di colonizzazione&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p align="justify"&gt;Ad accogliere gli inviti dei sovrani austriaci saranno &lt;strong&gt;tedeschi&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;in arrivo dalle terre dell'Impero,&amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;rumeni, ucraini, ma anche&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;serbo-ortodossi&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;valacchi&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;greci&lt;/strong&gt; provenienti dalle isole ioniche di Venezia e dall'Impero Ottomano. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Queste di migliaia di forestieri, disperdendosi lungo un'area che va da &lt;strong&gt;Trieste&lt;/strong&gt; alla &lt;strong&gt;Transilvania&lt;/strong&gt; e su spazi sia cittadini che rurali, sia per terra che mare, costruiscono nuove reti commerciali, diplomatiche ed intellettuali; connettono aree geografiche molto distanti tra loro e diverse sotto i profili culturale e istituzionale; gettano le fondamenta di quel multiforme universo etnico e culturale che, ancora oggi, è uno dei tratti distintivi dell'Europa centrale e balcanica.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>Giampaolo Salice</text>
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              <text>21-12-2018</text>
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              <text>&lt;ul&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;Katsiardi-Ηering, Olga, e Maria Stassinopoulou. &lt;em&gt;The Long 18th century of Greek Commerce in the Habsburg Empire: Social Changes&lt;/em&gt;. In &lt;em&gt;Social change in the Habsburg monarchy. Les transformations de la société dans la monarchie des Habsbourg: l’époque des Lumières&lt;/em&gt;, a cura di Harald Heppner, Renate Zedinger, e Peter Urbanitsch, 3:191–213. Bochum: Winkler, 2011.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Welisch, S. A.,&lt;em&gt; The Bukovina‐Germans during the Habsburg period: Settlement, ethnic interaction, contributions&lt;/em&gt;, «Immigrants &amp;amp; Minorities» 5/1 (1986), pp. 73–106.&#13;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#13;
&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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      <name>Asburgo</name>
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      <name>Banato di Timisoara</name>
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      <name>Buda</name>
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      <name>greci</name>
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      <name>impero austriaco</name>
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      <name>Impero Ottomano</name>
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      <name>ortodossi</name>
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      <name>Pest</name>
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      <name>Serbi</name>
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      <name>Serbia</name>
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      <name>tedeschi</name>
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      <name>Vienna</name>
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